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| Mining Soil |
1.0 Introduction
Based on Berita Harian Online, Manfaatkan Tanah Bekas Lombong by Profesor Dr Ismail Omar, 23 January 2018. Stated Malaysia have about 300,000 former mining soil, this amount are being stated in 2018 and for 2021 I do not know how much former mining soil that we have. This former mining soil are formed because of in 1850 until 1929, in that time Malaysia still called as "Tanah Melayu" because we are not independent yet. Stated in Berita Harian Online "Tanah Melayu" on that years were made mining work in big amount which is stated "Tanah Melayu" were mining the tin for about 77,000 tan along that years. But in 1929 until 1932, price for tin dropped drastically. Then, after they have done with the mining they do not take any good cared method to restored the formed mining soil until the structure of the soil being not stable.
2.0 Category And The Characteristic Of The Former Mining Soil
The former mining soil had form the 2 soil which is sandy soil and silty soil. Actually the mining soil contains about 95% to 98% of coarse sand mixed with gravel. But this two types of soil are not same in their characteristic. Their characteristic are stated in table below:-
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Sandy Soil
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Silty Soil
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Too
low rate of fertilize soil.
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Little
bit low rate of fertilize soil and acidic soil.
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Cannot
hold the water because sandy soil can absorb water too quick based on their small
particle.
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Can
hold the water but its can hold the water too long time until the soil would
have the water log.
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Sandy
soil do not have good structure so that it cannot hold the tree to stay.
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The
structure of silt soil are compact.
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3.0 Method For Restore the Soil
Former mining soil can be restored and after that it can be use as the other good soil. In this topic I will told about what method can we use to restore the mining soil to make them as good soil for planted. Based on book from Department Of Agriculture stated that we can restored by using the several method.
For mine sandy soil are we can use the organic matter such chicken dung, cow dung and peat soil. this method can help by supplying the nutrient, improve the structure of sandy soil and it can improved by added more organism in the soil. Second, added clay soil to improve the soil by holding the water. This method are to ensure that the soil can hold the water and the tree for planting. Then, picture in table shown that sandy soil probably are such mount so that we need to levelling it if we want to open the vegetables or fruit field because if we kept it without levelling it would gave bad impact to us after we planting. After that for the fourth method are using the mulching because sandy soil have high temperature on their top soil. The impact from high temperature of soil can reduce the amount of microorganism in soil and it can gave bad effect after we planted the seed in soil which is the seed will be stunted and cannot grow because of the temperature. So we can use the mulching such oil palm frond or paddy straw to cover the soil from the direct sunlight.
For mine silty soil are we can use the same method as the mine sandy soil which is we need to levelling the soil before we open up the field for planting because in silty soil its have too much water log hole so that we need to cover it up to be flat. Second, we need to cultivate the soil by using any cultivator tools to make sure the silty soil being loose. This work need to be done to ensure that the water can be absorbed well because we were gave them good aeration and space for water absorption. Then, we need to build up the drainage system along the field to make sure there is no water log can be form in the field.
Lastly, this is the basic before we planted any plant in field. Which is we need to check the pH of the soil. As mentioned for silty soil it could have really acidic soil, so that we need to check the pH of the soil and we need to apply the limestone to neutralize the pH of soil. For the sandy soil, we must check it too and after we know their soil pH, we must apply the limestone to neutralized it. The suitable pH for plant growth is 6.2pH until 7.0pH.
4.0 Types Of Plant Can Be Planted
The plant that we can planted in restored mining soil are plant that required short time to life such as vegetables and fruits. The fruit that we can planted in this soil are guava, jackfruit, soursop and the other fruit such them.
5.0 The Company That Have Restored The Mining Soil
6.0 Conclusion
In conclusion, even though Malaysia have much former mining soil but we as another generation can help the nature by restore the soil by the method that I stated in point 3.0 above. By restored the formed mining soil we can make sure that the soil will not being unfunctioned because we can plant the vegetables and fruits there. By that we can improve our nature and meanwhile we can use it as our economic income also.
7.0 Video References
References:
Teknotani, Jabatan Pertanian & Kementerian Pertanian Dan Industri Makanan.
